Grate for gas producers



Nv, 11,. 1924. R.DAAE

GRATE FOR GAS PRODUCERS Filed Dec. '7 1920 3 Sheets-Slfxeet 1 um, wv wwf NN o .w QQ wm o @N o Ew 0 s w WMJNMW QW o w. TIN v 1. o o v Qv\ .ww Q o am. @N o. um, mmm m D INVENTOR Nov. '11., 1924. 1,515,585 R. DAAE RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR s v Nov; 11,1924. 4 1,515,585 R. DAAE Y GATE FOR .GAS PRODUCERS Filed Dec'. '7. 1920 s sheets-sheen :s

Patented Nov. 11, 1924.

NETE@ STATES REINHAR'DT DAAE, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

GRATE FOR GAS PRODUCERS.

Application 1ed December 7, 1920.

the life thereof.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a rotary grate having a series of openings so located that air may be blown therethrough in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the grate.

Still `another object of the invention is to provide mechanical devices for preventing the clogging of such openings by ashes.

An additional object of the invention is to so position the air openings that the tendency thereof to become clogged is reduced to a minimum, and an effective distribution of air throughout the body of the fuel within the producer is obtained.

A. further object of the invention is to provide a rotary grate of such contour and configuration that clinker formations are destroyed and the accumulation of ashes above the grate is prevented.

A still further object of vthe invention is to construct a grate of the character vdescribed in sections, in such a manner that parts thereof may be removed and renewed as found necessary.

The foregoing and other objects, together with their attendant advantages will be apparent as the invention becomes better understood from the accompanying specification and drawings forming a part thereof, it being premised that various changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the claims.

In the drawings,-

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the lower portion of a gas producer constructed in accordance with the present invention, the section being on line l-l of Figure 2.

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view on line ll-ll of Figure l.

Serial No. 428,851.

Figure 3 is a plan view, on an enlarged scale and partly broken away, illustrating a portion of the rotary grate.

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the grate as illustrated in Figure 1, on an enlarged scale.

With rotary grates as heretofore constructed for use in gas producers, there has been an irregular upper'surface presented to the fuel bodyv within the producer, of such shape that ashes have not moved freely thereover to discharging position. Also, the air openings in the grates have been located in such manner that the same tend to become clogged during operation of the grate and thereby destroy their usefulness. The` present invention aims to overcome these objections and to provide a sectional rotary grate construction having greater length of life than constructions heretofore utilized.

Referring more particularlyto the drawings, there is illustrated a producer body 2 of any desired construction carried byy supports 3 on a base 4. The base is provided with the usual pit 4a and passageway 4b, permitting the repair of the producer when shut down, as is customary in constructions of this nature.

Mounted on the base 4 is a race-way 5 carrying antifriction devices 6 for supporting a rotatable bottom plate 7. This bottom plate may have secured thereto in any desired manner, a ring worm gear 8 adapted to mesh with a worin 9 on a transversely extending shaft 10 suitably journaled 0n the base 4. The shaft 10 may have 'secured thereto a ratchet wheel 11 adapted to be r0- tated by a pawl 12 pivotally secured to a lever 13 which is oscillated by a pitman 14 controlled by an eccentric or other form of drive 15. The pitman 14 may be adjustably connected to the lever 13, whereby the amplitude of oscillation of the lever may be varied as desired to change the rate of rotation ofthe bottom plate 7.

The bottom plate also carries an angularly projecting flange 16 which, with the downwardly projecting flange 17 formed on the producer body, provides a water seal 18 for the lower end of the producer.

rlhe rotary grate proper comprises a main bottom portion 19, generally conical in shape, and preferably constructed of two halves 2O and 21 which may be joined along the section line I-I of Figure 2, in any desired manner. This bottom portion may be formed as a casting to provide a series of hollow chambers 22 extending radially from the center of rotation C of the grate. These chambers each have curved vupper surfaces 23 extending from the back to the front thereof, and are so shaped as to provide substantially vertical, radially extending faces 24 between adjacent chambers. The height of the faces preferably gradually decreases from 'the center of the grate outwardly, as is 'clearly vshown in Figure 2. This construction provides a smooth surface along which the ashes may .gradually and uniformly move to discharging position. `The bottom portion 19 is mounted on a carrier 25 which is generally elliptical inA horizontal cross section, to conform to the base of the bottom portion 19Hof the grate, which is similarly shaped. lThis shape is very desirable, ,as during the operation of the grate the distance between the periphery thereof and a fixed point of the body of the producer gradually changes by increasing or decreasing, to effect a breaking up of clinlter formations which tend to lodge at the bottom of the fuel bed.

Secured tothe top of the bottomy sections 20 and 21 of the grate is a substantially conical shaped top section 26. This section 26 is preferably hollow to provide a water chamber 27and is truncated to privide a l flat top 28, the entire area of the top being 'eccentric and lying entirely on one side of the center of rotation C of the main body of `the grate. This location of the flat portion 28 is desirable, as during lrotation'of the grate the body of ashes above the same is 4constantly shifted whereby a pillar of accumulated ashes on the flat top portion of the grate is prevented. The top section 26 is also preferably provided with 'curved faces 29 and intermediate `vertical faces 30 joining alternate corresponding faces 24 of the bottom portion of the gra-te. It will be 'apparent that the entire construction is such :that discharge of` ashes into the water seal 1'8 is facilitated. From this point they may be removed, as is customary in the art, by a suitable plow or scraper `31.

For water cooling both the top and bottom portions of the grate, there. `may be provided a. water inlet pipe 32 having` a portion thereof coinciding with the center of rotation C -of lthe `grate and projecting into the water chamber 27 in thel top portion thereof. From this chamber the water may 'overliow through pipes 33 into the lower part of the bottom portion 19 of the. grate to lill ythe hollow chambers 22 therein. These chambers are in turn provided with an outlet pipe 34 discharging `into a vpocket 35 in the base 4 and forming., with the flange 86, a supplemental water seal 37 for the bottom plate?. In this manner, vthe grate. may be continuously sup-v plied with a cooling medium which will resultin increased life for the. grate.

Discharging into the interior of the hol low portion of the grate, is an air supply pipe 38 for' maintaining at all times a predetermined air pressure within the grate Indy. This air is permitted to escape into the fuel within the producer through a series of arcuate openings 39 formed in the vertical `faces 24 and `30, respectively, of the grate portions, and preferably located at substantially the base of each 'of the faces. ln practice, power is applied to the shaft 10 lin such manner that the grate will be rotated in the direction of the arrow A. Figure 2, whereby the air is discharged through the openings 39 in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the grate. Due. to the location of the openings, andthe direction in which the air is projected therethipugh, the 'openings have a tendency to remain `free from ashes and other foreign matter tending to clog the same. ln order to insure this condition, however, there is provided mechanically operable agitating or cleaning device, co operating with 'each of the openings. As illustrated in the drawings, this device may comprise a series of radially extending rods 40 pivotally connected to the lower ends of a. series of vertically extending levers 4l, each having a pivotal mounting 42 carried by the bottom of the lchznnbers 22. The upper yend of each of the levers 41 is bent to project rearwardly, opposite. to the direction of rotation of the grate, to form cleaning lingers 43 extending into lthe arcuate openings 39. For oscillating the cleaning lingers 4 3 in the openings 39 during rotation of the grate, the ends of the rods 40 are connected by links 44 to bell crank levers 45 havinopivotal mountings 46 carried by the bottom plate 7. Each of the bell crank levers 45 carries on its lower end ya roller 47 adapted to be held in contact with a cam 48 by a spring 49. The cam 48 is provided with any desired number of projections 50 adapted Vto engage the rollers 47 and move the saine outwardly against the `action of the springs 49 to reciprocate the rods 40 and oscillate the levers 41. t will be apparent that in this manner periodical mechanical'cleaning of each of the openings is insured.

The advantages vof the present invention arise lfrom the provision of a. rotary 'grate so constructed that the same may be continuously supplied with a 'cooling medium.

Further advantages arise from the `shape of the 'grate .permitting the gradual movement of the ashes thereover and preventing the accumulation of pillars of ashes above the same.

Still further advantages of the invenlill) tion arise from the provision of air openings for projecting air into the fuel body in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the grate, and having mechanical means for prevent-ing the same from clogging.

I claim:

1. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate for gas producers having a yplurality of separable sections, said sections having closed chambers, and means for delivering cooling fluid to the chambers of said sections, substantially as described.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate for gas producers having closed fluid chambers, there being openings through the grate between the fluid chambers, and means for circulating fluid through the chambers, substantially as described.

3. As a new article of manufacture, al rotary grate for gas producers having closed fluid chambers, extending in a general radial direction, there being air openings through th i grate between the fluid chambers, and means for circulating the fluid through the fluid chambers, substantially as described.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate for gas producers having closed fluid chambers, extending in a general radial direction, there being recesses between adjacent chambers, there `being vair openings through the grate between said chambers opening into the recesses, and means for circulating fluid through the chambers, substantially as described.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate for gas producers having closed fluid chambers extending in a general radial direction, having sloping tops and substantially vertical sides, there being recesses between the chambers by the tops and sides, there being openings through the grate opening into the recesses, means for rotating the grate in a direction to cause the ashes to ride upwardly over the inclined tops and thereby prevent clogging the recesses between the chambers with ashes, and means for circulating the fluid through the chambers, substantially as described.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate for gas producers having a plurality of closed fluid chambers extending in a general radial direction and overlapping each other in planes extending throughv the axis of the grate and of general cutter tooth formation having rounded tops and side faces exposed to the ashes, in substantially radial planes, means for rotating the grate to cause the ashes to fall from the tops of the chambers over the sides, there being air openings between the chambers to cause air to flow through the grate in a reverse direction to the movement of the grate, and means for circulating fluid through the chambers, substantially as described.

Y'. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate having a frusto conically shaped bottom portion having a chamber closed to the atmosphere, and a conically shaped top portion detachably secured having a chamber closed to the atmosphere, both of said portions having air openings therein and having means for the circulation of duid through both chambers around said air openings, substantially as described.

S. As a new article of manufacture, a grate adapted to be rotated having a frusto conically shaped Huid cooled bottom portion with a chamber closed to the atmosphere, and a conically shaped fluid tion secured thereto and having a chamber closed to the atmosphere, both of said portions having means for the circulation of cooling fluid through both chambers, said top portion having a flat top located entirely on one vside of the center of rotation ofthe grate, substantially as described.

9. A grate for gas producers, comprising a rotatable body portion, means for rotating said body portion, said body portionhaving a series of openings formed therein, and mechanical means operative during the otation of said portion for cleaning said openings, substantially as described.

l0. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate having a frusto conically shaped bottom portion with a chamber closed to the atmosphere, a conically shaped top portion removably secured thereto having a chamber closed to the atmosphere, and means for circulating fluid through both chambers, substantially as described.

ll. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate having a bottom portion with a chamber closed to the atmosphere, a top portion secured thereto and independently removable therefrom, there being a chamber in the bottom portion closed to the atmosphere, and means for circulating fluid through both chambers, substantially as described.

l2. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate having a frusto conically shaped bottom portion formed of two sections removably secured to each other, there beinga chamber closed to the atmosphere in each section, a conically shaped top portion removably secured to the bottom portion, there being a chamber closed to the atmosphere in the top portion, and fluid circulating connections for first delivering cooling fluid to the chamber in the top portion and from said chamber to the chambers in the sections of the bottom portions, substantially as described.

13. A grate for gas producers comprisinga rotatable body portion having a series of openings therein, a cleaning' linger cooperating with each of said openings, and means for moving said fingers from one side of thereto, and

i'll

faces, said ribs the opening toward the other side thereof, substantially as described.

1e. A grate for gas producers comprising a rotatable body portion having a series of openings therein, means for supplying air to said openings, means for rotating said body, a cleaning finger cooperating with each of said openings, and means for oper ating said fingers from one side to the other of said openings, substantially described.

15,. A grate for gas producers comprising a rotatable body portion having a series of elongated op, .iings therein, means for supplying air to said openings, means for rotating said body, a cleaning linger cooperating with each of said openings, and means for operating said fingers tok cause them to move across the length of the openings during the rotation of body portion, substantially as described.

16. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate of ellipsoidal form for a gas reducer, having a plurality of subst-antially radially disposed ribs with sloping upper faces and substantially vertical side having chambers therein, means for circulating fluid through said chambers, and means for directing air across the sloping faces of the ribs in a general tangential direction relative to the producer, substantially as described.

17. las a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate of ellipsoidal form having substantially radial ribs, each of said ribs having vertically disposed faces, and sloping faces extending from the top of the vertically disposed faces downwardly toward the adjacent rib, there being air openings between the ribs for directing air across the sloping surfaces in a tangential direction, said ribs having chambers therein, and means for circulating cooling fluid through` said chambers, substantially as described.

18,. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate of ellipsoidal form having substantially radial ribs overlapping each other, each of said ribs having vertically disposed faces and sloping faces extending from the top, of the vertically disposed faces downwardly toward the adjacentrib, there being air openings between the ribs for ,directing air across the sloping surfaces in a tangential direction, said ribs having chambers therein, and means for circulating cooling fluid through said chambers, substantially as described.

19. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate having a frusto conically shaped bottom portion provided with radially disposed ribs, said ribs having vertically disposed rear faces when considered with relation to the direction of rotation of the grate and sloping upper faces, said faces sloping upwardly and rearwardly toward the tops of the rear faces, there being chambers in said ribs, a chambered conical top portion removably mounted on the bottom por tion and means for circulating fluid 'through said chambers, substantially as described.

20. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate having a frusto conically shaped bottom portion provided with radially disposed ribs, said ribs having vertically disposed rear faces when considered with relation to the direction of rotation of the grate and sloping upper faces, said faces sloping upwardly and rearwardly towards the tops of the rear faces, there being chambers in said ribs, a chambered conical top portion removably mounted on the bottom portion and means for circulating fluid through said chambers, there being air openings extending through the rear faces of the ribs, substantially as described.

21. As a new article of manufacture, a rotary grate of elliptical form having a frusto conically shaped bottom portion provided with radially disposed ribs, said ribs having vertically disposed rear faces when considered with relation to the direction of rotation ofthe grate and sloping upper faces, said faces sloping upwardly and rearwardly toward the tops of the rear faces, there being chambers in said ribs, a chambered frusto conical top portion removably mounted on the bottom portion, the flat top of the top portion being at one side of the aXis of rotation of the grate, and means for circulating fluid through said chambers, substantially as described.

22. As a new article of manufacture, a hollow water cooled grate for gas producers having air distributing openings, means for circulating water through the interior of said grate, and means cooperating with said openings for preventing clogging thereof, substantially as described.

23. its a new article of manufacture, a hollow rotary water cooled grate for gas producers having a series of air openings extending through said grate, said openings being directed in a direction opposite that in which the grate is intended to rotate, means for supplying water to: the interior of said grate, means for rotating said grate, and means edective upon rotation of said grate for preventing clogging of said air openings, substantially as described.

24. As a new article of manufacture, a grate having a conically shaped bottom portion, a conically shaped top portion secured thereto, both of said portions having air openings therein, and means cooperating with said air openings for preventing clogging thereof, substantially as described.

25. A rotary grate for gas producers having air openings therethrough, rockable means in each opening for cleaning ashes therefrom, and means for rocking said rockable means, substantially as described.

26. A rotatable grate for gas producer having air openings therethrough, an ash removing finger extending into each opening, and means for rocking said fingers from side to side of said openings. substantially as described.

27. A rotatable grate for gas producers having air openings therethrough, means to rotate said grate, an ash removing finger eX- tending into each opening, and means actuated by the rotation of the grate for rocking said fingers from side to side of said openings, substantially as described.

28. A rotatable grate for gas producersk having openings therethrough, and an ash removing finger in each opening connected to operating mechanism carried by the grate, substantially as described.

29. A gas producer having an grate, and means for producing relative rotation between the body of the producer and said grate, said grate having a series of radially extending ribs of general saw tooth form in cross section, said ribs having long sloping front faces and substantially vertical short rear faces, the curved faces at the outer ends of the ribs cooperating with the producer shell to crush clinkers and permit the passage of ashes into the ash pan, there being air openings through the rear faces, substantially as described.

30. A gas producer having a grate, and means for producing relative rotation between the body of the producer and said grate, said grate having a series of radially extending ribs of general saw tooth form in cross section having front and rear faces, said ribsat their outer ends cooperating with the producer shell to crush clinkers 1and permit the passage of ashes into the ash pan, the rear faces having openings formed therein for the passage of air, substantially as described.

3l, A gas producer having a grate, and means for producing relative rotation between the body of the producer and said grate, said grate having a series of radially extending ribs of general saw tooth form in cross section having front and rear faces, saidk ribs at the-ir outer ends cooperating with the producer shell to crush clinkers and permit the passage of ashes into the ash pan, the rear faces having openings formed therein for the passage of air, and means cooperating with said openings for preventing the clogging of ash therein, substantially as described.

32. As a new article of manufacture, a rotaryI grate for gas producers having a plurality of closed chambers extending 1n a general radial direction and of general cutter tooth formation, means for rotating said grate, said chambers having upper surfaces inclined upwardly and rearwardly with respect to the direction of rotation and having rear faces extending abruptly downwardly whereby the rotation of the grate causes the ashes to fall from the tops of the chambers over the rear faces, there being air openings between the chambers to direct air through the grate in a direction opposite to the rotation thereof, and means for circulating air through said openings, substantially as described. A

33. As a. new article of manufacture, a rotary grate of ellipsoidal form for gas producers, said grate having a plurality of substantially radially disposed ribs with sloping upper faces and substantially vertical rear faces, a` removable top for said grate having a plurality of substantially radially disposed ribs having similar faces, and means for directing air across the sloping faces of the ribs in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the producer, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

REINHARDT DAAE. 

